Do screenshots need to be cited?
Unless the content you are taking a screenshot of belongs to you, you should cite the source as usual, in order to avoid presenting someone else's ideas as your own (i.e. plagiarism).
Even though it might seem unusual, screenshots are admissible evidence. Yes, you can use them as legal proof, but you can't just present them and expect everything to be okay. Time and date matter a lot in a litigation process.
The minimum information to include in a caption for a screenshot is the title of the scene, director/artist, title of work, year. Include a list of figures, using bibliography format. Bibliography examples are based on Manual 14.261 , 14.265 and Manual 14.235. See also Turabian 17.8.
The MLA Style Center
If you discuss the work from which the screenshot or frame capture is taken, the caption should act much like an in-text reference and provide the information needed to key to a works-cited-list entry as well as the time stamp where the screenshot or frame capture appears in the work: Fig.
- Your own personal/anecdotal information or experiences.
- Your own arguments or opinions.
- Your own videos, photographs, and other artwork you've created.
- "Common knowledge"- This one is a little tricky to distinguish.
If the images are yours (e.g., you drew it or took the picture, and your image isn't an adaptation of someone else's work), you don't need to cite them.
You can authenticate text messages by presenting: a “copy,” a screenshot, photo, or print-out of the message that includes identifying information that links the message to the texter, and. testimony or affidavit that the copy is a true and accurate representation of the text messages.
The text messages, screenshots, or audio messages as proof or evidence in the court. Under Evidence Act, the screenshots as the evidence in court, because it is part of the electronic evidence. By submitting the screenshot as evidence, the details of phone and the date in which it is taken also given in Court.
For a screenshot to be effective as a piece of evidence, it is essential it can be authenticated by the testimony of a witness who has seen the original subject matter and can therefore verify the content of the screenshot.
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What you don't need to cite
- facts that are found in many sources (ex: Marie Antoinette was guillotined in 1793.)
- things that are easily observed (ex: Many people talk on cellphones while driving.)
- common sayings (ex: Every man has his price.)
What information does not need to be cited?
In general, if it's your words, your opinion, your photo, or your graph, of course, you don't need to cite it. HOWEVER, if you are using information from one of your own previously published works (journal article, book chapter, etc.), you MUST cite it just as you would cite another author's work.
You can authenticate text messages by presenting: a “copy,” a screenshot, photo, or print-out of the message that includes identifying information that links the message to the texter, and. testimony or affidavit that the copy is a true and accurate representation of the text messages.
